Search results for "Harm avoidance"

showing 10 items of 13 documents

Incompleteness and not just right experiences in the explanation of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

2015

In the past decade, not just right experiences (NJRE) and incompleteness (INC) have attracted renewed interest as putative motivators of symptoms in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), beyond harm avoidance (HA). This study examines, in 267 non-clinical undergraduates and 47 OCD patients, the differential contributions of HA, INC, and NJRE to the different OCD symptom dimensions and the propensity to have the disorder. The results indicate that although both the NJRE and INC range from normality to OCD, their number and intensity significantly increase as the obsessional tendencies increase, which suggests that they are vulnerability markers for OCD. Although they cannot be considered full…

AdultMale050103 clinical psychologyObsessive-Compulsive DisorderPsychotherapistmedia_common.quotation_subjectbehavioral disciplines and activities03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineObsessive compulsiveSurveys and Questionnairesmental disordersmedicineHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesBiological PsychiatryNormalitymedia_commonMotivationOperationalization05 social sciencesMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasehumanities030227 psychiatryPsychiatry and Mental healthGeneral distressCompulsive behaviorTraitCompulsive BehaviorHarm avoidanceFemalemedicine.symptomObsessive BehaviorConstruct (philosophy)PsychologyPsychiatry research
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Research Letter: is neuroticism a risk factor for postpartum depression?

2012

Although the relationship between personality and depressive illness is complex (Shea, 2005), there is empirical evidence that some personality features such as neuroticism, harm avoidance, introversion, dependency, self-criticism or perfectionism are related to depressive illness risk (Gunderson et al. 1999). Moreover, personality traits, especially neuroticism, may explain the increased prevalence of depression among females (Goodwin & Gotlib, 2004). Few studies have explored neuroticism, extraversion and psychoticism as risk factors for depression after an event as stressful as childbirth. Pitt (1968) was the first author to report high scores on neuroticism and low scores on extraversio…

Postpartum depressionNeurotic DisordersDepresión postpartoEvaluación de la personalidad:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle Aged [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.disease_causePersonality Assessment:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Factors [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]PregnancyRisk Factors62P ApplicationsBig Five personality traits:Psychiatry and Psychology::Mental Disorders::Neurotic Disorders [Medical Subject Headings]Applied Psychology:Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Processes::Reproduction::Pregnancy [Medical Subject Headings]education.field_of_studyPerfectionism (psychology)Middle AgedNeuroticismPsychiatry and Mental healthMathematical statistics:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Models Statistical::Logistic Models [Medical Subject Headings]:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adolescent [Medical Subject Headings]Harm avoidanceFemaleEstudios de seguimientoPsychology:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavioral Disciplines and Activities::Personality Assessment [Medical Subject Headings]Factores de riesgoAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescent:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Young Adult [Medical Subject Headings]PopulationEstadísticaDepression PostpartumYoung AdultPsychoticismCorrespondence:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies::Longitudinal Studies::Follow-Up Studies [Medical Subject Headings]medicine:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult [Medical Subject Headings]Humans:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavioral Disciplines and Activities::Psychiatric Status Rating Scales [Medical Subject Headings]Escalas de valoración psiquiátricaPsychiatryeducationPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesExtraversion and introversion:Matemàtiques i estadística::Estadística aplicada::Estadística biosanitària [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]:Psychiatry and Psychology::Mental Disorders::Mood Disorders::Depressive Disorder::Depression Postpartum [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.diseaseLogistic Models:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Trastornos neuróticosFollow-Up Studies
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Temperament and Early Intentions to Retire

2019

Abstract Objective: To examine associations between temperament traits and early retirement intentions. Methods: In the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966, we analyzed early retirement intentions at the age 46 according to Cloninger temperament traits at the age 46 (n = 4409) and at the age 31 (n = 3226). Ordinal logistic regression analyses were used. Adjustments were made for marital status, education, work type, job satisfaction, perceived health, and mental health problems. Results: 11% of men and 9% of women had strong retirement intentions. Especially higher harm avoidance was associated with higher early retirement intentions in both sexes at the age of 46. A similar pattern of resul…

AdultMaleharm avoidancePersonality Inventorymedia_common.quotation_subjectIntentionNorthern finlandearly retirementtemperamenttiSurveys and QuestionnairesHumansluonteenpiirteetvarhaiseläkkeetTemperamentkohorttitutkimusta515Finlandearly retirement intentionsmedia_commonRetirementAge FactorsPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthtemperamentta3142Middle AgedpersoonallisuusLogistic Modelspersonalityeläkkeelle siirtyminenTemperamentintentions to retirePsychologyBirth cohortDemographyJournal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine
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Replication of the association between CHRNA4 rs1044396 and harm avoidance in a large population-based sample.

2015

Harm avoidance is a personality trait characterized by excessive worrying and fear of uncertainty, which has repeatedly been related to anxiety disorders. Converging lines of research in rodents and humans point towards an involvement of the nicotinic cholinergic system in the modulation of anxiety. Most notably, the rs1044396 polymorphism in the CHRNA4 gene, which codes for the α4 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, has been linked to negative emotionality traits including harm avoidance in a recent study. Against this background, we investigated the association between harm avoidance and the rs1044396 polymorphism using data from N=1673 healthy subjects, which were collected …

genetics [Receptors Nicotinic]0301 basic medicineAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtymedia_common.quotation_subjectContext (language use)Receptors NicotinicPolymorphism Single NucleotideNicotine03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHarm ReductionGermanymedicinePersonalityHumansPharmacology (medical)ddc:610PsychiatryBiological PsychiatryGenetic Association Studiesmedia_commonPharmacologybusiness.industrySmokinggenetics [Smoking]medicine.diseasePsychiatry and Mental healthNicotinic acetylcholine receptor030104 developmental biologyNicotinic agonistNeurologygenetics [Personality]AnxietyHarm avoidanceCholinergicFemaleNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptombusinessnicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha4 subunit030217 neurology & neurosurgerymedicine.drugPersonalityEuropean neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
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Opioid receptor PET reveals the psychobiologic correlates of reward processing.

2008

Little is known about the neurobiologic correlates of human personality. On the basis of the key role of the central opioidergic system in addiction and substance abuse, we investigated the relationship between certain personality traits that are supposed to be relevant in addiction and the opioid receptor status in healthy subjects.We investigated 23 healthy male volunteers who were extensively clinically tested to exclude substance abuse. All of the subjects underwent 1 PET scan with the subtype-nonselective opioidergic radioligand 18F-fluoroethyl-diprenorphine under resting conditions without sensory or cognitive stimulation. Subsequently, the subjects were psychologically tested for the…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyFluorine Radioisotopesmedicine.drug_classmedia_common.quotation_subjectDiprenorphineBasal GangliaNucleus AccumbensRewardOpioid receptormedicinePersonalityHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingPsychiatryRadionuclide Imagingmedia_commonOpioidergicBrain Mappingbusiness.industryAddictionNovelty seekingBrainMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSubstance abuseReward dependenceReceptors OpioidHarm avoidanceCaudate NucleusRadiopharmaceuticalsbusinessClinical psychologyPersonalityJournal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine
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¿Qué papel juegan la evitación del daño y la sensación de inacabado en los síntomas obsesivos de orden y comprobación?

2020

Numerosas investigaciones han intentado determinar las variables implicadas en la génesis y mantenimiento del Trastorno Obsesivo-Compulsivo (TOC). Recientemente, se han propuesto la evitación del daño y la sensación de inacabado como dos dimensiones nucleares motivadoras de la sintomatología obsesivo-compulsiva. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el papel de la evitación del daño y la sensación de inacabado en su relación con los síntomas obsesivo-compulsivos. Para ello, se realizó un Path analysis en una muestra de 267 personas de la población general (74,5% mujeres; edad media 27,29 años). Los resultados mostraron que la asociación entre evitación del daño y los síntomas de orden y …

Orderingeducation.field_of_studyFuture studiesPsychotherapistTrastorno obsesivo-compulsivoCheckingPopulationIncompletenessGeneral MedicineHarm avoidancemedicine.diseaseSensación de inacabadoObsessive-compulsive DisorderObsessive compulsiveEvitación del dañomedicineHarm avoidancePsychologyeducationOrdenComprobación
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2016

Objectives Little is known about patient characteristics as predictors for outcome in manualized short term psychodynamic psychotherapy (PDT). No study has addressed which patient variables predict outcome of PDT for social anxiety disorder. Research Design and Methods In the largest multicenter trial on psychotherapy of social anxiety (SA) to date comparing cognitive therapy, PDT and wait list condition N = 230 patients were assigned to receive PDT, of which N = 166 completed treatment. Treatment outcome was assessed based on diverse parameters such as endstate functioning, remission, response, and drop-out. The relationship between patient characteristics (demographic variables, mental co…

Research designPsychodynamic psychotherapymedicine.medical_specialtyMultidisciplinarybusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentSocial anxietymedicine.diseaseComorbidityPersonality disorders030227 psychiatry3. Good health03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineCognitive therapyHarm avoidanceAnxietymedicine.symptombusinessPsychiatry030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPLOS ONE
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Temperamental characteristics in childhood migraine without aura: a multicenter study

2013

Maria Esposito,1 Rosa Marotta,2 Beatrice Gallai,3 Lucia Parisi,4 Giuseppina Patriciello,1 Serena Marianna Lavano,2 Giovanni Mazzotta,5 Michele Roccella,4 Marco Carotenuto11Center for Childhood Headache, Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy; 2Department of Psychiatry, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy; 3Unit of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; 4Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; 5Unit of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, AUSL Umbria 2, …

Persistence (psychology)medicine.medical_specialtyNeuropsychiatric Disease and TreatmentAuramedia_common.quotation_subjectNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatrychildrenMedicinejTCIPsychiatryRC346-429Biological Psychiatrymedia_commonOriginal ResearchChildhood migrainebusiness.industrytemperamentmedicine.diseasePsychiatry and Mental healthMulticenter studyMigrainemigraine without auraHarm avoidanceTemperament and Character InventoryTemperamentNeurology. Diseases of the nervous systembusinessClinical psychologyRC321-571
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Moderate-Vigorous Physical Activity across Body Mass Index in Females : Moderating Effect of Endocannabinoids and Temperament

2014

Altres ajuts: This manuscript was supported by grants from Instituto Salud Carlos III (FIS PI11/210 and CIBERobn). Sarah Sauchelli is recipient of a pre-doctoral Grant (2013-17) by IDIBELL. Jose C. Fernández-García is recipient of a 'Rio Hortega' contract from 'Instituto de Salud Carlos III', Madrid, Spain (CM12/00059). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Endocannabinoids and temperament traits have been linked to both physical activity and body mass index (BMI) however no study has explored how these factors interact in females. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to 1) examine differences…

PhysiologyObesidad:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Mass Index [Medical Subject Headings]Social SciencesDonesÍndice de masa corporalBlood plasmaBiochemistry:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight::Overweight::Obesity [Medical Subject Headings]Body Mass IndexMorbid obesityEndocrinologyFemalesMedicine and Health SciencesHomeostasisPsychologyPublic and Occupational HealthBody mass index (BMI)Big Five personality traitsmedia_commonMultidisciplinaryQRNeurochemistryMiddle AgedLipidsEating disordersEndocannabinoidesPhysiological ParametersHomeostatic MechanismsEating disordersMedicineHarm avoidanceObesitatFemaleBehavioral and Social Aspects of HealthBioelectrical impedance analysisResearch ArticlePersonality:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Fatty Acids Unsaturated::Arachidonic Acids [Medical Subject Headings]Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyEsfuerzo físicoMujerSciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectObesitat mòrbidaExerciciMotor ActivityBiology:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Personality::Temperament [Medical Subject Headings]Internal medicinemedicine:Phenomena and Processes::Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena::Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena::Musculoskeletal Physiological Processes::Physical Exertion [Medical Subject Headings]HumansÁcidos araquidónicosWomenObesitySports and Exercise MedicineTemperamentTrastorns de la conducta alimentàriaExerciseMotivationBehavior:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Neurotransmitter Agents::Endocannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]Human MovementPhysical activityTemperamentoBody WeightCognitive PsychologyNovelty seekingBiology and Life SciencesModerate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)NeuroendocrinologyPlasma sanguinimedicine.diseaseObesityMorbid ObesityMetabolismEndocrinology:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Cognitive ScienceTemperamentEnergy MetabolismPhysiological ProcessesBody mass indexNeuroscienceEndocannabinoids
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The role of temperament and character in the outcome of depressive mood in eating disorders.

2014

Abstract Objectives The aims were to see which temperament and character dimensions were associated with depression, mainly with its outcome at two-year follow up in eating disorders (EDs). Methods Participants (N = 151) were 44 Anorexia nervosa (AN), 55 Bulimia nervosa (BN) and 52 Eating disorders not otherwise specified (EDNOS) patients. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Rosenberg Self Esteem Questionnaire (RSE), Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI-2) and Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) were administered. Results Depression at the beginning (t0) was severe in 22% of the cases. Harm Avoidance and Novelty Seeking had an effect on depressed m…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyCharacterAnorexia Nervosalcsh:RC435-571media_common.quotation_subjectbehavioral disciplines and activitiesBody Mass IndexYoung Adultlcsh:Psychiatrymental disordersmedicineHumansProspective StudiesPsychiatryBulimia NervosaTemperamentmedia_commonDepressive DisorderBulimia nervosaNovelty seekingBeck Depression Inventorymedicine.diseaseEating Disorder InventoryPsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologyEating disordersHarm avoidanceTemperament and Character InventoryTemperamentFemalePsychologyClinical psychologyComprehensive psychiatry
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